It has been established that 10 species of the genus Typha L. grow in Donbass. The most widespread are Typha laxmannii Lepechin, T. angustifolia L. and T. latifolia L. Typha foveolata Pobed., T. zerovii Klokov f. et A. Krasnova and T. elatior Boenn. are sporadically found. Among the rare ones are T. caspica Pobed., T. australis Schum. et Thonn and T. pontica Klokov f. et A. Krasnova. One of the rare species, Typha ×glauca Gordon, is an interspecific hybrid.

This paper examines changes in the morphological and anatomical characteristics of trees and shrubs of different ages growing in forest parks, street plantings, and industrial areas in Luhansk. It was found that trees and shrubs in street plantings and industrial areas exhibit reduced plant height, trunk diameter, crown development, and crown projection compared to those in forest parks. This is due to deterioration in the morphological and anatomical characteristics of plant growth and development.

Mechanisms of life strategies were studied for two closely related species from Orchidaceae family: Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindl. and O. purpurea Huds. Cenopopulations from forest (Kiziltash mountain range) and steppe (Tepe-Oba ridge) communities were selected for the study. It was noted that the morphological parameters of O. punctulata individuals depend on both growing conditions and growing season conditions; morphological parameters of O. purpurea do only on growing season conditions. A defense-stress-defense ontogenetic strategy was determined for O. punctulata, while a stress ontogenetic strategy was done for O. purpurea. Using functional traits, we showed that O. punctulata indicates a mixed CR strategy, and O. purpurea indicates a mixed CS strategy. Thus, using of various methods made it possible to establish that the closely related species O. punctulata and O. purpurea indicate a mixed CSR strategy, its components depend on the ecological and cenotic growing conditions.

In the central part of Krasnodar, 13 localities with three petrophytic fern species included in the Red Data Book of Krasnodar Krai have been recorded: Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L., A. ceterach L. (Category 3 – Vulnerable), and Thelypteris palustris Schott (Category 1 – Critically Endangered). All species are confined to old brickwork, primarily in pre-revolutionary and pre-war buildings, which successfully substitute for natural rocky habitats in the urban environment and may serve as refugia for rare petrophytic species. The populations are stable in size; sporulation was observed in A. adiantum-nigrum and A. ceterach. The degree of naturalization of the studied species corresponds to Block II (nos. 5–6) of the Krylov & Reshetnikova naturalization scale, indicating that the species have established themselves in anthropogenic habitats but do not show active spread.

The paper presents the results of an anatomical and morphological study of leaves of wintergreen herbaceous plants from the collection of the Donetsk Botanical Garden: Waldsteinia ternata (Stephan) Fritsch, Geranium × cantabrigiense P.F. Yeo, Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch and Helleborus caucasicus
A. Braun. The study was carried out using light microscopy. Cuticle thickness, epicuticular wax
development and pubescence characteristics were analyzed. It was established that B. crassifolia and H. caucasicus are characterized by a well-developed cuticular-wax barrier and maximum cuticle thickness, whereas W. ternata and G. × cantabrigiense possess a thinner cuticle compensated by dense pubescence. The revealed differences reflect various adaptive strategies of plants under conditions of climatic variability and changing light regime.

Based on a comprehensive assessment of nine UNESCO World Heritage Garden sites (including Canglang Ting, Zhuozheng Yuan, and others), an evaluation was conducted of the species diversity, age structure, and physiological condition of ancient woody plantings using the standardized ISA. Tree Condition Index methodology. It was established that species such as Pinus bungeana Zucc. (present in 66.6 % of the gardens) and Juniperus chinensis L. (with individual specimens up to 930 years old) serve as key structural landscape elements and important cultural symbols. Major threats were identified, including high recreational pressure (up to 500 visitors per day) and biotic damage. For 60 % of the J. chinensis specimens, a weakened condition was recorded (ISA <50 %). Proposed conservation measures include regular soil condition monitoring, regulation of tourist flow, the application of biochar to improve soil conditions (at a rate of 20 t/ha), and the establishment of buffer quarantine zones around trees older than 300 years.

The analysis of influence of the temperature factor on timing of the main phenological phases in floribunda rose cultivars in the collection of the Stavropol Botanical Garden was carried out. The calculation of the sum of active temperatures above +5 °C showed that the beginning of vegetation is mainly observed in March, with a range of positive temperatures from 51 to 104 °C. The «budding» phase occurs in the first and second decades of May, when the sum of active temperatures was 562–788 °C. Flowering began in the first or second decade of June, when the sum of active temperatures reached 1012–1411 °C. The data obtained make it possible to predict the timing of a certain phenological phase in floribunda roses not only within the Stavropol Upland, but also in other regions with similar climatic conditions.

The article provides an overview of the main five stages of the formation of the collection fund of representatives of the genus Phlox L. of the Laboratory of ornamental plants of the Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences. Information is provided on the general characteristics and distinctive features of each of them. The current aspects of the collection’s development and the dominant areas of scientific research are revealed. At some stages, the quantitative characteristics of the collection fund are indicated. At the current stage, the structure of the research work adopted for implementation is described in detail, providing for some modifications of its quantitative and qualitative composition. The justification for the necessity of the proposed changes is given.

This article presents the results of crossing ability of four Dagestan autochthonous grape varieties with cultivars of different origins. The analysis included 20 crossing combinations, conducted during 2023–2024, which used varieties obtained from interspecific hybridization. As a result of hybridization, the pollination of 30 inflorescences yielded 3440 seeds and 699 first-year seedlings. Dagestan autochthonous grape variety ‘Hop Khalat’ was selected as a female parent variety to be introduced in further breeding process, as provided the highest seed set (193.5 in total), the maximum yield of seeds (1.545 in total) and seedlings (44 in total) per one crossing combination.

A comprehensive assessment of the edaphic conditions of technosols formed on the waste dumps of Donetsk coal mines was conducted. The main limiting factors were found to be significant variability in particle size distribution (physical clay content from 8.5 to 58.5 %) and very high heterogeneity of acid-base conditions (pH from 3.65 to 8.55). It was shown that technosols from the waste dumps of the Chumakovskaya Central Processing Plant are characterized by elevated values ​​of actual (pH < 4), exchangeable, and hydrolytic acidity, high salinity (up to 2.12 % of solid residue), low enzymatic activity, and mineral nutrient content, making their colonization by plants impossible without a preliminary technical remediation stage. The high variability of organic matter content (from 0.72 to 11.98 %) may indicate heterogeneity of composition and the presence of a large number of coal fragments. The obtained results allow for a differentiated approach to the selection of phytoremediation strategies for each of the studied sites.